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THE PHOENIX CIRCLE
By BORIS RAYMOND
Email: braymond@dal.ca
The KLYO Press
Halifax, Canada, and San Jose California, Spring 2007
Price: U.S. $ 19.99

Prologue
     It is the Year of Our Lord 563 and 1,316 Ab Urbe Condita, from the founding of Rome. My world is fast coming to an end. I, Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator formerly an Illustris and Praetorian Prefect, and now humble monk at the monastery of the Vivarium, have watched over the dissolution of our empire ever since I can remember.
      I have sat at long conversations with witnesses to the events that preceded the fall of Rome and the brave attempts by my grandfather, Cassiodorus Aurelius, to restore its military power and glory. To this end I have gathered together and recorded all of the facts that I found in the imperial archives of Rome and Ravenna.
      At first I had attributed our collapse to the flawed actions of our emperors, our great generals, as well as to the invasions of Attila the Hun and other barbarians. Eventually I came to realize that our empire was destroyed by forces far beyond the control of anyone alive. I finally understood that Rome had collapsed from the weight of its greed for power and wealth, and I became aware that our people, during the last several centuries, had gradually become more concerned with the salvation of their souls, with attaining spiritual tranquility and with compassion for their fellow men, than with the pursuit of self-aggrandizement and sensuality. This change of spirit has moved us inexhaurably towards the spirit of St. Severinus the anchorite, and away from that of the Patrician Orestes, who had striven so hard to attain the imperial purple and who was the father of the last emperor of Rome.
      The site of the monastery that I founded, the Vivarium, is on the Hadriatic coast and is exposed to raids by pirates. I therefore asked my old friend, the Blessed Benedict, before the Lord called him unto Himself, that this, my ultimate opus, find safekeeping in his convent at Monte Cassino until the waters of time have passed over the living and their immediate descendants, and the sins of our past are buried in the bosom of the Almighty. When that time does arrive, and with God's mercy it surely will, the Blessed brother promised that my humble work would be revealed to our more worthy successors and help them tell the true story of our collapse.
 

THE PHOENIX CIRCLE

By BORIS RAYMOND
Published in 2007 by the KLYO Press
ISBN 1-4196-4235-9
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada , San Jose, California

Fiction: Ancient Rome, Attilla the hun and the fall of Rome; The Phoenix Circle

Abbreviated reviews of Boris Raymond, THE PHOENIX CIRCLE, KLYO PRESS, 2007

As reviewed by New York Times best-selling author Ellen Tanner Marsh Many historical novels depict ancient Rome, but only a very small number set out to describe one of the fabled city's most complicated eras, its demise...It is precisely this literary gap that Boris Raymond's novel, THE PHOENIX CIRCLE, beautifully fills...The strength of THE PHOENIX CIRCLE is that, despite the complexity of the plot, one nevertheless has the sense on every page of the inevitable about to occur. No matter how desperately the Phoenix Circle attempts to save Rome, its fall is assured, and the various actors are powerless to stop it. The novel proceeds inexorably forward, and the reader gets the harrowing sense of being, as it were, present at the destruction...In classic mythology, the phoenix is a bird that arises from its own ashes. The hope of the Phoenix Circle is that Rome, too, will rise again, but in fact Raymond has a different interpretation in mind. For with the death of Rome came not its own resurrection, but the beginning of a new era, one where men and women will concern themselves more with the salvation of their immortal souls than with amassing power or riches...This fresh interpretation of the fall of Rome gives THE PHOENIX CIRCLE one more aspect to its many strengths.
      This is a fine novel of an ancient time that is fit to stand next to the best among such historical novels. The plot is complex, the prose accomplished, and the moral original and astute. Raymond has done a remarkable job with a very complex subject, and devotees of historical novels will find themselves richly rewarded for picking this one up.

As reviewed by Kathleen C. Guler, author of THE ANVIL STONE THE PHOENIX CIRCLE successfully captures the dynamics that caused the fall of Rome.

As reviewed by Marian Fricano, Head, Access Services, Michel Orradre Library, Santa Clara University I thought THE PHOENIX CIRCLE a wonderful, imaginative take on the last days of Rome's glory and the creation of the City of God... I couldn't help but feel that Alexia is the depiction of a very modern woman, with a mind of her own, a strong will, and unwisely subscribing to the wrong mores of her time. Her background could have led her to a life like Eugenia's, but her love of luxury mandated the course she decided upon...She has the juiciest part of this novel as the most captivating character...The character of the stoic Severinus overcoming his debased childhood and rising to sainthood was a very interesting element of this story, as is the development of the Catholic religion and it's importance to Rome.

As reviewed by Joy Calderwood ?May 2008,--- Publisher and Reviewer ...After 1200 years, the ruler of most of Europe has degenerated internally, and is fast giving way to external and internal enemies. Professor Boris Raymond's novel shows us cause and effect embodied in well developed characters...Professor Raymond's extensive knowledge of the period provides the strong foundation on which his story is built...In addition to being human beings living gripping lives, his characters also illustrate the division between spiritual-and power-hunger which intensified as the Empire degenerated.
      The subplots are woven together smoothly and support each other ...I recommend it highly, because of its epic vision and intimate characters.

As reviewed by Mary Harrsch, Network & Management Information Systems College of Education 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene THE PHOENIX CIRCLE by Dr. Boris Raymond is an engrossing and insightful novel that examines the changes occurring in western civilization as the Roman Empire succumbs to barbarian encroachment and the growing power of Christianity and dominance of spiritual philosophy in social experience...His characters are well developed and he changes scenes deftly without confusing the reader or disrupting the overall continuity of his tale...I particularly found his examination of the various conflicts within the early Christian church interesting...I recommend this work to Roman history enthusiasts and anyone with an interest in how events of the late antiquity forged the society we have inherited.

As reviewed by Ginny Wagner, member of The Historical Novel Society I've just finished reading THE PHOENIX CIRCLE written by one of our list members, Boris Raymond, and must say it is a totally engaging read...I thoroughly enjoyed the book and hope there is a sequel before long.

As reviewed by Libby Trudell, Sr. Vice President, Market Development Corporate Markets, Thomson Scientific As a child, I thought of the fall of Rome as one dramatic point in time when barbarians sacked the city, thus ending the empire and changing the course of civilization. THE PHOENIX CIRCLE explores the reality of decades in which the empire slowly collapsed from internal weakness as much as from external pressures...aristocrats striving to maintain their life of power and indulgence, slaves who will do anything to survive and become free, citizens who expected to be fed and entertained, and barbarians whose values are often more civilized that the Romans. Most importantly, it highlights the role of the Catholic Church as a force for stability during a period when the emperors counted their reigns in weeks rather than years. By the end of the book it is clear that Church has supplanted Empire...All of these themes are developed through an extensive cast of largely real historical figures. While based on solid research, their thoughts, characters and contexts are vividly evoked, and the action sweeps forward quickly.

As reviewed by Glenn Barnett, author of the forthcoming book THE PERSIAN WAR:
THE ROMAN CONFLICTS WITH IRAQ AND IRAN
The service that THE PHOENIX CIRCLE provides the reader is to flesh out the skeleton of the history of the times with back stories of the actual participants. We have a richer appreciation of the world that the Romans and barbarians inhabited in the fifth century of the Christian era.

As reviewed by Sallie Shawl, Lakebay, Washington I came to this book with absolutely no knowledge of the historical period in which it is set and a large part of the enjoyment was learning something about it...now I want to do some reading about the actual known-history of that time, and I can't imagine wanting to do so if I hadn't read the book...Also, it turned into a page-turner.

As reviewed by Martha Bakerjian, travel councillor ...Just after THE PHOENIX CIRCLE, I visited Ravenna...I was amazed at how much reading the book prepared me for my visit. I appreciated the mosaics and monuments of Ravenna more having read the book.

As reviewed by Norman G. O. Pereira, Professor Emeritus, Dalhousie University The late Roman Empire has not yet received its due from professional historians, so the task for the writer of fiction is all the more daunting. But in his elegantly written and long (over 500 pages) novel, Boris Raymond more than meets the challenge and succeeds in producing a credible and highly readable picture of the fascinating effort of a dying elite's effort to forestall the collapse of the great empire.

As reviewed by David Braybrook, Professor of Philosophy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada Boris Raymond has reached the height of his powers as an historical novelist in THE PHOENIX CIRCLE; and they are considerable powers, displayed in an engrossingly readable book.

The original complete reviews of THE PHOENIX CIRCLE can be found at my website: http://myweb.dal.ca/braymond
     

The original complete reviews of Boris Raymond, THE PHOENIX CIRCLE, KLYO PRESS, 2007

5 stars As reviewed by Joy Calderwood

Boris Raymond, The Phoenix Circle, KLYO Press, 2007

      What caused the downfall of the Roman Empire? After 1200 years, the ruler of most of Europe has degenerated internally, and is fast giving way to external and internal enemies. Professor Boris Raymond's novel shows us cause and effect embodied in well developed characters.
      Orestes is son of a mid-level Roman noble whose estates have been engulfed by Attila the Hun. Orestes' family has accommodated so well to Hunnish rule that Orestes becomes a valued official of Attila. His plan, encouraged by Roman aristocrats Cassiodorus and Romulus, is to learn everything he can from Attila about leadership, and to understand Hunnish tactics so well that he can help Rome defeat this overpowering enemy. When Attila dies, Orestes becomes Cassiodorus's protégé and Romulus' son-in-law.
      Cassiodorus was assigned the task, by the last worthy ruler of the Western Empire, of forming a secret group of strong leaders to revive Rome. Rome is now ruled by the kind of self-seekers who, five centuries ago, had destroyed the Roman Republic by ignoring its welfare in favor of their own. Today it will be dangerous for Cassiodorus' group to oppose them. Emperor Valentinian's sister Honora, Pope Leo's secretary Galasius, Secret Service head Cassiodorus, and others are grooming a leader who they hope will keep Rome from being absorbed by surrounding barbarian civilizations. Meanwhile, a string of short-lived emperors seize the Western throne and are in turn deposed by Romanized foreigners hungry for power. Professor Raymond's extensive knowledge of the period provides the strong foundation on which his story is built.
      THE PHOENIX CIRCLE follows not just the life but the development of Orestes, chosen by the secret circle to be their representative on the throne. Professor Raymond has put much thought into character development: his large cast of characters evolve as experience changes them. Throughout the book we follow the stories of Orestes' wife Barbaria, her slave Eugenia, Eugenia's lover Severinus who becomes a great holy man, Orestes' mistress Alexia, his Secret Service heads Carlus and Biglias, and his adopted brother Odovacar who becomes a king. In addition to being growing human beings living gripping lives, his characters also illustrate the division between spiritual- and power-hunger which intensified as the Empire degenerated. The subplots are woven together smoothly and support each other in a combination of absorbing threads.
      Professor Raymond has revised his original book, called "The Twelfth Vulture of Romulus," with outside help. The improvement in the writing is considerable, though it still shows that it was written by a natural writer of non-fiction. In spite of this I recommend it highly, because of its epic vision and intimate characters. You can find THE PHOENIX CIRCLE at http://www.booksurge.com .

Joy Calderwood
May 2008 review

5 stars As reviewed by Sallie Shawl, Lakebay, Washington

Boris Raymond, The Phoenix Circle

      I came to this book with absolutely no knowledge of the historical period in which it's set and a large of part of the enjoyment was learning something about it. I must admit that I wondered about what was fiction and what was not, but now I want to do some reading about the actual known-history of that time, and I can't imagine wanting to do so if I hadn't read the book.
      Also, it turned into a page-turner. Not only did I want to find out what happened, and how, but I was fascinated with both the social and internal changes in many of the characters, wondering how they would resolve their situations ? or, more correctly for many, how their situations would be resolved. Few, if any, of these changes, or the reasons for them, were predictable. I thoroughly enjoyed The Phoenix Circle.

Sallie Shawl
Lakebay, Washington

5 stars As reviewed by Mary Harrsch
      "The Phoenix Circle" by Dr. Boris Raymond is an engrossing and insightful novel that examines the changes occurring in western civilization as the Roman Empire succumbs to barbarian encroachment and the growing power of Christianity and dominance of spiritual philosophy in social experience.
      Dr. Raymond, a professor of history, sociology, and library science at Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, shares his in-depth knowledge of the period artfully, providing a tactile context for each event and insight into the thoughts and ideas that motivated the key players during this period. His characters are well developed and he changes scenes deftly without confusing the reader or disrupting the overall continuity of his tale.
      I particularly found his examination of the various conflicts within the early Christian church interesting. He shows us how the princes of the church struggled for supremacy almost like rival Roman generals vying for the scepter and how the church was impacted by changes in secular power when rulers or their consorts supported or opposed various theological positions. We feel the tension of a society whose people, like Attila's hapless secretary, must have felt like they were tied spread-eagled to four horses precariously controlled by duplicitous power brokers from both church and state.
      Dr. Raymond's "The Phoenix Circle" reflects the growth of the author in his understanding of the genre of historical fiction since the release of his first book "The Twelfth Vulture of Romulus" and I recommend this work to Roman history enthusiasts and anyone with an interest in how events of late antiquity forged the society we have inherited.

Mary Harrsch
Network & Management Information Systems
College of Education 1215 University of Oregon Eugene

5 stars As reviewed by Martha Bakerjian

The Phoenix Circle Book Review

      Boris Raymond's book, The Phoenix Circle, is historical fiction taking place during the final years of the Roman Empire. Although it's fiction, the book is based on fact and I learned a lot by reading it. One can easily envision the events in the book being true.
      In The Phoenix Circle, Dr. Raymond chronicles the years 448 through 476, illustrating how the greed for power led to the Roman Empire's decline. This period of Rome's history is often overlooked in literature so this was a very interesting and unusual story.
      Characters weave in and out of the story, disappearing and re-appearing adding to the interest. The book has politics, battle, and romance. There's a sense of foreboding as the reader feels the tension mount and the end draw near. My only criticism would be the lack of a map as it was sometimes difficult to envision where the story was taking place. However there is a useful table in the back explaining place names and listing emperors.
      Just after reading The Phoenix Circle, I visited Ravenna, the city that was the eastern seat of the Roman Empire. I was amazed at how much reading the book prepared me for my visit. I appreciated the mosaics and monuments of Ravenna more having read the book.
      Although the book is long, it's engaging and fast-moving enough to hold the reader's interest. If you enjoy historical fiction or ancient Rome, this is a good book for you.

Martha Bakerjian

5 stars As reviewed by Martine Ham, Richmond California
      Boris Raymond's recent book THE PHOENIX CIRCLE is a historical novel comparable in quality with Robert Graves. Raymond crafts a tale at the end of the Roman Empire allowing us to peek into what might have happened. He has given voices to historical figures and filled it with characters that allow the plot to move forward. Even though you know the logical outcome because it is based on history, Raymond drives the plot to make you want to turn the next page. Boris Raymond could have taken this novel in several different genres such as a romance, (bodice ripper) or even spy/espionage, instead he focuses on people and their impact on the events of 5th century Rome.

Martine Ham
Richmond California

5 stars As reviewed by Kathleen C. Guler, author of The Anvil Stone

The Phoenix Circle, by Boris Raymond

      As Boris Raymond's historical novel The Phoenix Circle opens, the Roman empire is rumbling towards its demise. Barbarians are crashing through the frontiers, greed and mismanagement of government are more the rule than not, and the church has become a political entity powerful enough to vie for control. Amidst the chaos, a small group of patriots called the Phoenix Circle emerges, its purpose to restore Rome to the full glory that she once was.
      Beginning with the year AD 448 and ending with 476, the author takes up many threads of Rome's later history: Attila the Hun's quest for European dominance; the ambitions of Orestes who became the father of the last emperor Romulus; the decadence of the Roman royal courts; the quickly growing power of the Church; and most importantly, the secret society of the Phoenix Circle begun by Cassiodorus, the head of the Imperial Secret Service and Honoria Augusta, the emperor Valentinian's sister. Through intelligent storytelling, Dr. Raymond intricately weaves the threads of history together, giving the reader a clear, sweeping and engaging view of the age. The Phoenix Circle successfully captures the dynamics that caused the fall of Rome.

Kathleen C. Guler
author of The Anvil Stone

5 stars As reviewed by David Braybrooke, Professor of Philosophy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada

The Phoenix Circle, by Boris Raymond

      Boris Raymond has reached the height of his powers as an historical novelist in the PHOENIX CIRCLE; and they are considerable powers, displayed in an engrossingly readable book.

David Braybrooke
Professor of Philosophy
Dalhousie University
Halifax, Canada

5 stars As reviewed by Marian Fricano, Head, Access Services, Michel Orradre Library, Santa Clara University
      I thought THE PHOENIX CIRCLE a wonderful, imaginative take on the last days of Rome's glory and the creation of the City of God. It created a sense of what it would have been like to have lived in the last days of Rome, illustrating the super rich of that period in time, and how they brought about their own destruction in their constant quest for power and glory. I enjoyed the many aspects of Roman life mentioned, and especially the descriptions of times and places of historic events that graphically recreated this period and enlightened me.
      I couldn't help but feel that Alexia is the depiction of a very modern woman, with a mind of her own, a strong will, and unwisely subscribing to the wrong mores of her time. Her background could have led her to a life like Eugenia's, but her love of luxury mandated the course she decided upon. Thinking of how many lives she ruined, yet they may have actually been much worse off with someone else. She has the juiciest part of this novel as the most captivating character. The development of the jealousy in the relationship of Orestes, Alexia, and Odovocar is an interesting subplot leading to the thought that this somewhat parallels that of the Illiad and the Odessey, leading to the downfall of Rome in this case.
      The character of the stoic Severinus overcoming his debased childhood and rising to sainthood was a very interesting element of this story, as is the development of the Catholic religion and it's importance to Rome. Yet, for me, the most interesting character development was that of Orestes. Seeing him start out as an idealistic, young man, a good, loving son, later in awe of Cassiodorus, someone striving to become a savior of Rome. Yet, he subtly changes and becomes debased in his climb to power. He constantly justifies his excesses, as is so often the case for many, and becomes beguiled by the power he wields and hopes to achieve. His final degredation, in my opinion, is his act of setting his own son up on a throne that could be toppled at any time, all to further his own interests.

Marian Fricano
Head, Access Services
Michel Orradre Library
Santa Clara University

5 stars As reviewed by Norman G.O. Pereira, Professor Emeritus, Dalhousie University

Boris Raymond, The Phoenix Circle (Halifax, Canada: Kylo Press, 2007).

      The late Roman Empire has not yet received its due from professional historians, so the task for the writer of fiction is all the more daunting. But in his elegantly written and long (over 500 pages) novel, Boris Raymond more than meets the challenge and succeeds in producing a credible and highly readable picture of the fascinating effort of a dying elite's effort to forestall the collapse of the great empire. Raymond's characters in the Phoenix Circle are finely drawn and realized; they are compelling as individuals; and their dialogue rings true. If this is not what actually happened fifteen hundred years ago, Raymond's version is probably better and certainly more enjoyable.

Norman G.O. Pereira
Professor Emeritus
Dalhousie University

5 stars As reviewed by Ginny Wagner
      I've just finished reading THE PHOENIX CIRCLE written by one of our list members, Boris Raymond, and must say it is a totally engaging read. He reworked his previous book, THE TWELFTH VULTURE OF ROMULUS, by concentrating the story in the pov of a central character, Orestes, behind the scenes puppeteer and father of Romulus, the last western emperor of Rome, which added continuity and concentrated the story into an emotionally engaging read by giving us one main character with which to bond.
      At the end, when Orestes dies, I found myself transferring my attachment from Orestes to Severinus ... ready to read on about the next phase of Rome's demise and the rise of the Church from the ashes, as the symbolism of the phoenix implies. I can only hope that Boris writes the next phase in Rome's history as beautifully as he penned the last because I'd love to read about how the slave come hermit come holy man helps bring about the ascendancy of the popes and the Church.
      There is much to think about beyond the simple story of political jockeying ... from the general acceptance of slavery and sex without boundary for the elite to the characters of the hermit and pope's assistant who each reflected the division in the Church that would finally erupt centuries later between the spiritual visionary and the politically astute. The idea of the Circle is reminiscent of Hillary Clinton's allegation of a coterie that exists even now that moves us all around like pieces on a chessboard and makes for great drama. The parallels to the elite in Boris' book, with the Romanesque toga parties held by the CEOs of the late 1990s, televised around the time of the downfall of their corporations, is particularly striking.
      I thoroughly enjoyed the book and hope there is a sequel before long. Boris' writing grabbed me around the third chapter after which I couldn't put the book down until it was finished, at which time I wrote him how much I enjoyed it and made a request for a sequel to THE PHOENIX CIRCLE.

- Ginny Wagner

5 stars As reviewed by Glenn Barnett, author of the forthcoming book "THE PERSIAN WAR: The Roman Conflicts with Iraq and Iran".

THE PHOENIX CIRCLE
   By Boris Raymond

      Reading the Phoenix Circle is a bit like watching the movie Titanic. The characters who figure in Dr. Raymond's tragic novel go about their lives, their loves, hatreds, successes and failures but we know when we pick up the book that they are doomed. The sinking ship in this case is the Roman Empire. The hero of the story is Orestes, a young Roman aristocrat who schemes with a small group of patriots to restore the glory that was Rome. The secret group known to each other as The Phoenix Circle is named after the mythical bird that dies and is reborn. The group hopes to eliminate barbarian influence and strengthen the native Roman and Italians to ward off the foreign enemies. Orestes early on attaches himself to Attila the Hun to learn all he can from him to use against Huns, Vandals and other enemies of Rome. By his character and ambition he becomes the head of a vast spy network with agents in both the eastern and western ends of the empire.
      Yet despite all his efforts he is unable to restore the ancient glory of the realm. The ship sinks around him and eventually takes him with it. The service that THE PHOENIX CIRCLE provides the reader is to flesh out the skeleton of the history of the times with back stories of the actual participants. We have a richer appreciation of the world that the Romans and barbarians inhabited in the fifth century of the Christian era. We see the visceral change from the rule of the Caesars to the authority of the Pope. Orestes was witness and participant in these events even in the midst of his own personal tragedy.

Glenn Barnett,
   author of the forthcoming book
  "THE PERSIAN WAR: The Roman Conflicts with Iraq and Iran"

5 stars As reviewed by Libby Trudell, Sr. Vice President, Market Development Corporate Markets, Thomson Scientific.
      As a child, I thought of the fall of Rome as one dramatic point in time when barbarians sacked the city, thus ending the empire and changing the course of civilization. The PHOENIX CIRCLE explores the reality of decades in which the empire slowly collapsed from internal weakness as much as from external pressures.
      The book weaves together many threads: aristocrats striving to maintain their life of power and indulgence, slaves who will do anything to survive and become free, citizens who expected to be fed and entertained, and barbarians whose values are often more civilized than the Romans. Most importantly, it highlights the role of the Catholic Church as force for stability during a period when the emperors counted their reigns in weeks rather than years. By the end of the book it is clear that Church has supplanted Empire. But, a tension is revealed within the Church as well, between those who seek to wield power and those who seek spiritual growth, which sets the stage for the next 1,000 years of history.
      All of these themes are developed through an extensive cast of largely real historical figures. While based on solid research, their thoughts, characters and contexts are vividly evoked, and the action sweeps forward quickly, with the same kind of drama and intrigue found in novels about the much better known time of the first Caesars, almost 500 years earlier.
      One does need a map to keep track of all the movements of armies and invading tribes, and distances between the many key locations. Readers are advised to keep an historical atlas handy. This is a book which well repays the reader, delivering insights into about a poorly understood period of history as well as a good read.

Libby Trudell
Sr. Vice President, Market Development
Corporate Markets, Thomson Scientific.

5 stars As reviewed by New York Times best-selling author Ellen Tanner Marsh
      Many historical novels depict ancient Rome, but only a very small number set out to describe one of the fabled city's most complicated eras, its demise. Indeed, a cursory Internet search turns up only one on the fall of Rome, by the nineteenth-century British novelist Wilkie Collins, and this one, Antoninia, is one of Collins' lesser-known works at that. It is precisely this literary gap that Boris Raymond's novel, The Phoenix Circle, beautifully fills.
      Perhaps the reason for the paucity of such novels is the fact that there are so many competing theories as to what caused the fall of Rome. Some claim that economic hardship, and the consequent anemia of military coffers, opened Rome to defeat at the hands of otherwise inferior powers. Others claim that Rome's fall can be explained by its moral decadence in the fifth century, while still others believe that the Holy Roman Empire's conversion to Christianity caused the fall by distracting it from its erstwhile classical virtues.
      The strength of The Phoenix Circle, however, is precisely that it addresses all of these possibilities, and intertwines them in a plot as intricate and complex as any nineteenth-century novel by Wilkie Collins, or Charles Dickens, or even Dan Brown, for that matter. Put succinctly, the novel is about a very simple organization, the Phoenix Circle, which is given the task of saving the empire from destruction by the Huns, then later the various Goth tribes of the Visi- and Ostro- varieties. But its task is complicated by various internal squabbles resulting in murder and dissension in the government and the Church. At the end, we are left with a Rome that has been destroyed for all of the standard reasons combined.
      The strength of The Phoenix Circle is that, despite the complexity of the plot, one nevertheless has the sense on every page of the inevitable about to occur. No matter how desperately the Phoenix Circle attempts to save Rome, its fall is assured, and the various actors are powerless to stop it. The novel proceeds inexorable forward, and the reader gets the harrowing sense of being, as it were, present at the destruction.
      In classic mythology, the phoenix is a bird that arises from its own ashes. The hope of the Phoenix Circle is that Rome, too, will rise again, but in fact Raymond has a different interpretation in mind. For with the death of Rome came not its own resurrection, but the beginning of a new era, one where men and women will concern themselves more with the salvation of their immortal souls than with amassing power or riches. In the fall of Rome, Raymond argues, there lies not sorrow but hope. Christianity really was incompatible with a classical civilization, but for Raymond this is the fault not of Christianity but of classical civilization.
      This fresh interpretation of the fall of Rome gives The Phoenix Circle one more aspect to its many strengths. This is a fine novel of an ancient time that is fit to stand next to the best among such historical novels. The plot is complex, the prose accomplished, and the moral original and astute. Raymond has done a remarkable job with a very complex subject, and devotees of historical novels will find themselves richly rewarded for picking this one up.

- New York Times best-selling author Ellen Tanner Marsh

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